1. Intelligent manufacturing concept
"Intelligent manufacturing" can be interpreted from two aspects: manufacturing and intelligence.First of all, manufacturing refers to the processing or reprocessing of raw materials and the assembly of parts and components.In general, according to the continuity of production mode, manufacturing is divided into process manufacturing and discrete manufacturing (there are also discrete and process mixed production mode).According to China's current standard GB/T4754-2002, China's manufacturing industry includes 31 industries, and is further divided into about 175 middle classes and 530 small classes, covering all aspects of the national economy.
Intelligence is made up of the words "wisdom" and "ability".The process from sensory memory to thinking is called "wisdom". The result of wisdom produces behavior and language. The process of expression of behavior and language is called "ability", and the two are called "intelligence" together.Therefore, the whole process of feeling, memory, recall, thinking, language and behavior is called intelligent process, which is the manifestation of wisdom and ability.
At present, the international and domestic still no accurate definition about intelligent manufacturing, but the ministry organization expert gives a relatively comprehensive descriptive definition: intelligent manufacturing is based on a new generation of information technology, through the design, production, management, service and other manufacturing activity each link, has the depth information from perception, intelligence optimization since the function such as decision-making, accurately control the execution of the floorboard of the advanced manufacturing process, system and mode.With intelligent factory as the carrier, intelligent as the core of key manufacturing links, end-to-end data flow as the foundation, supported by network interconnection and other characteristics, it can effectively shorten the product development cycle, reduce operating costs, improve production efficiency, improve product quality, and reduce resource and energy consumption.This actually points out the core technologies, management requirements, main functions and economic goals of intelligent manufacturing, and reflects the important role of intelligent manufacturing in China's industrial transformation and upgrading and the sustainable development of the national economy.
However, due to the unbalanced development of China's weak technological base, enterprises often do not know where to start in the process of intelligent manufacturing implementation and upgrading.Therefore, according to the descriptive definition of intelligent manufacturing, the following is the preliminary understanding of intelligent factory, manufacturing link and equipment intelligence, network connectivity, end-to-end data flow and other four aspects, in order to explain the main content of intelligent manufacturing.
2. What is a smart factory
Intelligent factory is the carrier to realize intelligent manufacturing.Passed in intelligent factory production management system, computer aided tools and the integration and interoperability of intelligent equipment to realize intelligent, distributed network management, and realize the enterprise business processes, process flow and capital flow together, and production resources (material, energy, etc.) within the enterprise and enterprise between dynamic configuration.
On the one hand, "if a worker wants to do a good job, he or she must first use tools and tools". Digitalized and networked tools and software and manufacturing equipment are the key tools to realize intelligent manufacturing, including the following types:
Computer aided tools, such as CAD (computer-aided design), CAE (computer-aided Engineering), CAPP (computer-aided process Design), CAM (computer-aided manufacturing), CAT (computer-aided testing, such as ICT information testing, FCT functional testing), etc.
Computer simulation tools, such as logistics simulation, engineering physical simulation (including structural analysis, acoustic analysis, fluid analysis, thermodynamic analysis, motion analysis, composite material analysis and other multi-physical field simulation), process simulation, etc.
Plant/workshop business and production management systems, such as ERP (enterprise resource planning), MES (Manufacturing execution System), PLM (product life Cycle management)/PDM (Product data management), etc.
Intelligent equipment, such as high-end CNC machine tools and robots, additive manufacturing equipment (3D printer), intelligent furnace, reaction kettle and other intelligent equipment, intelligent sensing and control equipment, intelligent detection and assembly equipment, intelligent logistics and warehousing equipment, etc.
New generation of information technology, such as Internet of Things, cloud computing, big data and so on.
On the other hand, intelligent manufacturing is a "super" system engineering covering a wider range of fields and technologies. In the production process, it takes product life cycle management as the main line, accompanied by supply chain, order, asset and other life cycle management, as shown in Figure 1.
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